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Latest Insights


Forging Friendship in a Complex World: The Social Infrastructure of Thriving Communities
On this International Day of Friendship, we explore the quiet power of social infrastructure — the human connections that hold communities together. From empathy to economic mobility, friendship forms the foundation of resilient, inclusive civic life. At Fourth Economy, we believe relationships aren’t a byproduct of progress—they’re a prerequisite.
Denique "Neeky" Dennis and Jenn Sloan
Jul 292 min read


From Barriers to Opportunity: A Fair Housing Q&A with the City of Lorain, OH
Fair housing isn’t just a civil rights issue; in 2025, it’s becoming one of the most important drivers of local economic strategy.
Anne Jensen and Neeky Dennis
May 84 min read


The Future of Funding for Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Small Businesses – Insights from InBIA
Fourth Economy learned about the federal funding outlook for innovation, entrepreneurship, and small businesses in light of the current federal funding disruptions at ICBI39, the 39th International Conference on Business Incubation, hosted by the International Business Innovation Association (InBIA).
Nicole Muise-Kielkucki
May 85 min read


Uncovering the Mystery behind Falling Labor Force Participation Rates
America’s labor force participation rate continues to decline. Since the late 1990s the labor force participation rate (LFPR) has fallen...
Ross Berlin and Jerry Paytas, PhD
Jul 24, 20245 min read


The Economic Impact of Anti-LGBTQ Legislation
Last year, more than 510 anti-LGBTQ bills were introduced in state legislatures across the U.S. – more than the previous three years...
Justin Wheeler and Anne Jensen
Jun 27, 20244 min read
The latest in economic development strategy and community development.
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